Andalasian Livestock

Innovative Raw Material for Crackers: Unhairing Durable Dry Salt-Cured Skin with Elephant Grass IMO

2024-03-01T10:55:19+07:00

Dry salt-cured skin is an alternative material for standard shrimp crisp skin, but it is difficult to discard to discard hair. The alternative is to use indigenous microorganisms (IMO) of elephants grass (Pennisetum purpureum), which contain protease enzymes that help the waste process hair. This research aims to determine the effect of using grass elephant IMO in unhairing on dry salt-cured skin with various soaking times cow skin to physicochemical and sensory tests. This research uses the method experiment with a completely randomized design, which consists of five treatments and four repetitions. The treatments were soaking the cow skin in a solution of grass elephant IMO for 12-60 hours. The parameters observed are rate water, rate proteins, texture, lightness (L*), and sensory test (cleanliness of hair, cleanliness of skin, and skin color). The results of the study showed that the length of soaking the skin using IMO elephant grass in the unhairing process had no significant effect (P>0.05) on moisture content, protein content, texture, and lightness (L*) but had a significant effect (P<0.05) on the sensory test; fur cleanliness, skin cleanliness, and color. Results best on study This is on immersion during 24 O'clock with an average rate of water 64.76%, rate proteins 31.51%, texture 56.88h, lightness (L*) 45.81 and sensory test; cleanliness hair 3.97 (clean), cleanliness skin 3.94 (clean), and color 4.63 (sand).

Swiftlet Bird's Nest (Collocalia fuciphaga) from West Sumatra as a Functional Food and Its Nutritional Content

2024-02-19T15:52:21+07:00

Functional foods contain biologically active components and compounds that have physiological effects on the human body, such as promoting health and decreasing the risk of sickness. The swiftlet, which belongs to the Collocalini family, is an insect-eating bird that migrates across the Indian Ocean, Southeast Asia, and northern Australia to the Pacific Ocean. Swiftlet bird's nests (SBN) contain protein, fats, carbohydrates, iron, calcium, phosphorus, inorganic salts, fiber, and water. The objective of this study is to determine the nutritional content of swiftlet bird nests in different regions of West Sumatra. Samples of swiftlet bird's nests (SBN) were collected from Padang City (PD), Bukittinggi City (BK), and Pesisir Selatan Regency (PS). Nutritional content was analyzed using proximate methods, including moisture, protein, and fat, and the nitrite concentration was measured using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The study found that SBN in West Sumatra contains 47.65–50.55% protein, 1.48–2.47% fat, 21.77–22.77% water, and 24.75–32.72 ppm nitrite. The results indicate that the nutritional content varies among the samples, and the protein content found in SBN is higher, making it suitable for use as a functional food. Additionally, SBN has many health benefits and biological activities, such as mitogenic response and cell growth, enhanced immunity, and improved bone strength.

The Effect of Feed Supplement Balance on the Nutritional and Mineral Content of Rice Bran Fermented with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens

2024-03-02T07:58:01+07:00

This research aims to determine the balanced effect of feed supplements on the nutritional and mineral content of rice fermented with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. The research used a completely randomized design with a 3 x 3 x 3 factorial pattern with three replications for each treatment combination. The treatment factors consist of factor I, three levels of Zn (25, 50, 75 ppm); factor II, three levels of urea (1.0, 1.5, 2.0%); and factor III, three levels of sulfur (0.2, 0.4, 0.8%). The research results showed that treatment A (Zn), factor B (Urea) had a very significant effect (P<0.01) and factor C (sulfur) had a non-significant effect (P>0.05). Treatment of factors A (Zn) and B (urea) had a significantly different effect (P<0.05) on calcium content. Factor C (sulfur) had no significant effect (P>0.05), and there was no interaction between treatment factors. Treatment of factor A (Zink), factor B (urea), and factor C (sulfur) had no significant effect (P>0.05). There is an interaction between the AC factor (Zn and sulfur), while there is no interaction between the AB factor (Zn and urea), the BC factor (urea and sulfur), and the ABC factor (Zn, urea and sulfur). It can be concluded that the administration of 25 ppm Zn, 2% urea, and 0.2% sulfur gave the best results on the crude protein content (22.62%), calcium (0.33%), and phosphorus (1.22%) of fermented rice bran with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens.

Sensory Values of Chicken Sausage with the Addition of Rendang Spices

2024-03-02T10:15:26+07:00

This study aimed to determine the best percentage of additional Rendang spices in the sensory analysis of chicken sausages. This study was conducted using an experimental research method with a completely randomized design (CRD); it has five treatments, i.e., P1 = 0%, P2 = 5%, P3 = 10%, P4 = 15%, and P5 = 20%. Sensory preference and sensory intensity tests (taste, flavor, color, and texture) of treated samples were determined. The results of this study indicated that the addition of Rendang spices to chicken sausages has a significantly different effect (P<0.05) on preference tests (taste, flavor, color, and texture) and intensity tests (taste, flavor, color, and texture). However, the results showed no significant (P>0.05) effect on the preference tests (texture). It was concluded that adding Rendang spices to chicken sausages had sensory ratings acceptable to the panelists.

The Influence of Topography of the Pasture Area in Padang Mengatas on Biomass Composition, Biomass Production and Carrying Capacity

2024-03-02T14:57:43+07:00

This research aimed to evaluate the productivity and quality of pasture forage at BPTUHPT Padang Mengatas by analyzing the botanical composition, forage biomass production, and carrying capacity in different topographies. The research data were analyzed statistically using statistical analysis of variance using a completely randomized design with three treatments and five replications treated with three different topographies: flat, wavy, and hilly. The data obtained was processed statistically using analysis of variance. The treatment had a natural effect, so it was continued using the DMRT follow-up test. The analysis of the botanical composition of BPTUHPT Padang Mengatas pastures shows that they have many varieties of forage growing. The gramineae varieties that grow in the pastures of BPTUHPT Padang Mengatas are Brachiaria decumbens, Panicum maximum, and Cynodon plectostachyus, as well as many other types of grass, but in very low percentages. The results of statistical analysis show that differences in topography do not have a significant influence (P>0.05) on biomass production or carrying capacity in BPTUHPT Padang Mengatas pastures. From the research results, it can be concluded that there is a diversity of botanical composition in the grazing land of BPTUHPT Padang Mengatas, where Brachiaria decumbens dominates. At the same time, the average biomass production is 208 tons/ha/year.

Subclinical Mastitis Prevalence of Dairy Goat Smallholder Farm and Total Plate Count of the Milk

2024-03-03T23:55:45+07:00

Subclinical mastitis is an inflammatory condition of the mammary gland without visible symptoms in dairy livestock. The subclinical mastitis should be detected periodically in every farm. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of subclinical mastitis in dairy goats on smallholder farms, followed by calculating the goat milk's total plate count (TPC) and pH value. Risk factors thought to cause subclinical mastitis on that farm are traditional livestock rearing techniques and land area that exceeds livestock capacity. The method used was a survey at a smallholder farm and laboratory analysis for the milk quality as a case study of a goat farm in Padang City, West Sumatra, Indonesia. The farm kept 118 goats from different breeds: Ettawa breeders, Sapera, Anglo Nubian, Anglo Sapera, and Anglo Saperaboer. Eighteen dairy goats were in the lactation period in June-July 2023. The results of subclinical mastitis examination of dairy goats were categorized as negative (-), positive 1 (+), positive 2 (++), and positive 3 (+++). The results showed that the prevalence of subclinical mastitis on that farm was 66.7%. Furthermore, milk TPC values (CFU/ml) were 3.1x10⁵ (-), 5.6x10⁶ (+), 9.9x10⁶ (++), and 1.5x10⁷ (+++). The pH values of the milk ranged from about 6.9 to 7.1. In conclusion, there was a high prevalence of subclinical mastitis on the farm. As such, the TPC and pH values were above the Indonesian National Standard for fresh milk quality.

Conjoint Analysis: Consumer Preferences of Kampong Chicken in Bukittinggi City

2024-03-08T15:54:29+07:00

When purchasing, consumers will prioritize the attributes attached to the product. Research needs to be done to increase consumer buying interest through consumer preference. Especially if it is done in an area with potential but little interest in Kampong chicken meat, this study aims to look at the preferences of Kampong chicken consumers in Bukittinggi City, West Sumatra, Indonesia. The research implementation time was in August 2023. This study's population is Kampong chicken consumers in several wholesale markets in Bukittinggi. For the sample size, 200 respondents had been taken. The variables in this study are a set of attributes of Kampong chicken: price, color, texture, age, gender, chicken meat parts, and chicken skin. The results showed that the highest importance value was at the age attribute of the chicken, which was 19.069, while the lowest value was the price. Based on calculations, it was found that consumers prefer affordable prices to price stabilization. The preferred meat color was meat with a pink color, chewy skin texture, medium size, 4-5 months old, male sex; the most preferred part was the breast, and the chicken was consumed without the skin.

Enhancing Sheep Rations: Optimal Ammoniated Palm Fronds Utilization with Lerak Fruit (Sapindus Rarak) and Probiotic Supplementation

2024-03-09T15:41:11+07:00

This study aimed to assess the impact of lerak fruit and probiotic supplementation on varying levels of ammoniated palm fronds in sheep rations, as well as to determine the optimal inclusion rate of ammoniated palm fronds in the presence of lerak fruit and probiotics. Employing an experimental approach, a Latin Square Design was utilized, with four sheep as rows, four periods as columns, and four rations as treatments. Treatments included: A) 50% field grass + concentrate, B) 20% field grass + 30% ammoniated palm fronds + 50% concentrate + lerak fruit + probiotics, C) 10% field grass + 40% ammoniated palm fronds + 50% concentrate + lerak fruit + probiotics, and D) 0% field grass + 50% ammoniated palm fronds + 50% concentrate + lerak fruit + probiotics. Results indicated significant differences (P<0.05) between dry and organic matter intake treatments and body weight gain. However, no significant differences (P>0.05) were observed in the digestibility of dry and organic matter. These findings suggest that supplementation with up to 40% ammoniated palm fronds in sheep rations, probiotics, and lerak fruit yielded comparable digestibility and livestock performance as the control. This study provides valuable insights into optimizing sheep rations with alternative feed ingredients, contributing to enhanced animal nutrition practices.

Consumption of Pasteurized Whole Milk Challenges in Padang, Indonesia: Insights from Consumers and Business Perspectives

2024-03-12T18:08:32+07:00

This study investigates the challenges and opportunities surrounding the decline in local pasteurized whole dairy milk consumption in Indonesia, focusing on West Sumatra. Despite potential health benefits, factors such as limited availability, storage challenges, and concerns about taste and product quality have hindered the adoption of whole milk as a mixing ingredient in contemporary beverages. Through a survey of beverage outlets in Padang City and analyzing consumer preferences, this research identifies critical barriers businesses face and proposes interventions to address them. These interventions include improving milk accessibility, providing business educational programs, promoting taste and quality benefits, supporting recipe development, conducting market research, and collaborating with suppliers. By addressing these challenges, businesses can expand consumer choice, stimulate demand, and drive growth in the whole milk-based beverage market, ultimately benefiting local dairy farmers and public health in Indonesia.

Effect of Adding Palm Kernel Cake as a Substrate in Sclerotium rolfsii Inoculum

2024-03-12T19:50:42+07:00

This research aims to determine the added palm kernel cake (PKC) level in the Sclerotium rolfsii inoculum. This research used an experimental method with a completely randomized design, four treatments, and five replications. The treatments were different substrate compositions, consisting of 100% bran (control), 90% bran + 10% PKC (P1), 85% bran + 15% PKC (P2), and 80% bran + 20% PKC (P3). The variables observed were cellulase and mannanase enzyme activities. The data obtained were analyzed statistically using a completely random design analysis of variance and continued with Duncan's multiple range tests if the treatment influenced the observed variables. The results showed that adding PKC as a substrate in making Sclerotium rolfsii inoculum had a significant effect (P<0.01) on the activity of cellulase and mannanase enzymes. The best cellulase and mannanase enzyme activities were found in the 80% fine bran substrate composition + 20% PKC (P3), namely 16.02 U/mL and 7.81 U/mL.

Marketing Margin and Value of Farmer's Share on Rendang Product In Payakumbuh City

2024-03-22T14:05:40+07:00

Rendang products can provide a considerable contribution to each marketing institution involved. The study aims to analyze the value of and marketing margin and farmer's share for producers of the beef-based rendang industry in Payakumbuh City. The research was conducted in 2022 in the central area of the rendang industry in West Sumatra, namely Payakumbuh City. The study involved twelve rendang industries that produce rendang using beef. Data were analyzed using the marketing margin and farmer's share (Fs) formulas to determine the value received by each marketing margin and the share received by rendang producers. The result showed that the average value of marketing margin based on the number of rendang variants produced (one variant, two variants, and three variants) showed that three rendang variants produced were able to provide the highest marketing margin value of 75.21%, compared to marketing margin of two rendang variants (72.85%), and one rendang variant (59.18%). Meanwhile, marketing margins based on the type of rendang variants produced are rendang sliced (74.41%), rendang suir (75.26%), and rendang tumbuak (73.48%) with Fs value by sequentially are 13.76%, 14.28%, and 13.58%.